Lok Sabha 1998
National seat composition, alliance leadership, and constituency map for the general election.
- Seats
- 543
- Electors
- 60,58,80,192
- Votes polled
- 37,54,41,739
- Turnout
- 62.0%
Lok Sabha composition
Seat arc coloured by party.
Majority mark at 272 seats.
Alliance / party
Toggle party seats or curated alliance rollups.
Alliance map not curated for 1998.
543 of 543 seats shown · top 8 parties, rest grouped
National map
Paint by winning party or margin. Select a seat for details.
Loading map…
Closest races in 1998
Tightest races by winning margin — winner, runner-up, and the votes that separated them.
1998 · Bihar 1947 1999
#1Rajmahal
Photo finish
9votes
0.0% of valid votes
Winner
SOM MARANDI
BJP
Runner-up
THOMAS HANSDA
INC
Open constituency result →
1998 · Mizoram
#2Mizoram
Photo finish
41votes
0.0% of valid votes
Winner
DR. LALLUNGMUANA
IND
Runner-up
J. LALSANGZUALA
INC
Open constituency result →
1998 · Maharashtra
#3Mumbai South Central
Photo finish
153votes
0.0% of valid votes
Winner
MOHAN RAWALE
SHS
Runner-up
PRINCIPAL LOKHANDWALA
SP
Open constituency result →
1998 · Tamil Nadu
#4Tiruppattur
Photo finish
274votes
0.0% of valid votes
Winner
VENUGOPAL. D
DMK
Runner-up
KRISHNAMOORTHY.S
ADMK
Open constituency result →
1998 · Haryana
#5Rohtak
Photo finish
383votes
0.1% of valid votes
Winner
BHUPINDER SINGH
INC
Runner-up
DEVI RAM
HLD(R)
Open constituency result →
1998 · Uttar Pradesh 1947 1999
#6Saidpur
Nail-biter
825votes
0.1% of valid votes
Winner
VIJAY
BJP
Runner-up
TOOFANI
SP
Open constituency result →
1998 · Goa
#7Panaji
Nail-biter
417votes
0.2% of valid votes
Winner
RAVI NAIK
INC
Runner-up
RAUT DATTARAM
BJP
Open constituency result →
1998 · Kerala
#8Mavelikkara
Nail-biter
1,261votes
0.2% of valid votes
Winner
Prof. Kurien
INC
Runner-up
Prof. Koshy
IND
Open constituency result →
1998 · Uttar Pradesh 1947 1999
#9Misrikh
Nail-biter
1,495votes
0.2% of valid votes
Winner
RAM SHANKER
BSP
Runner-up
SHYAM RAWAT
SP
Open constituency result →
1998 · Kerala
#10Cannanore
Nail-biter
2,180votes
0.3% of valid votes
Winner
Mullappally Ramachandran
INC
Runner-up
A.C.Shanmukha Das
IND
Open constituency result →
1998 · Maharashtra
#11Chimur
Nail-biter
2,122votes
0.3% of valid votes
Winner
PROF. KAWADE
RPI
Runner-up
DIWATHE HARBAJI
BJP
Open constituency result →
1998 · Maharashtra
#12Jalna
Nail-biter
1,808votes
0.3% of valid votes
Winner
PAWAR RAJDHARSINH
BJP
Runner-up
BANGAR GANPATRAO
INC
Open constituency result →
By state
| State | Seats | Leading party | Leading seats |
|---|---|---|---|
| Andaman Nicobar Islands | 1 | INC | 1 |
| Andhra Pradesh 27 | 42 | INC | 22 |
| Arunachal Pradesh | 2 | AC | 2 |
| Assam | 14 | INC | 10 |
| Bihar 1947 1999 | 54 | BJP | 20 |
| Chandigarh | 1 | BJP | 1 |
| Dadra Nagar Haveli | 1 | BJP | 1 |
| Daman Diu | 1 | BJP | 1 |
| Delhi | 7 | BJP | 6 |
| Goa | 2 | INC | 2 |
| Gujarat | 26 | BJP | 19 |
| Haryana | 10 | HLD(R) | 4 |
| Himachal Pradesh | 4 | BJP | 3 |
| Jammu Kashmir | 6 | JKN | 3 |
| Karnataka | 28 | BJP | 13 |
| Kerala | 20 | INC | 8 |
| Lakshadweep | 1 | INC | 1 |
| Madhya Pradesh 1947 1999 | 40 | BJP | 30 |
| Maharashtra | 48 | INC | 33 |
| Manipur | 2 | MSCP | 1 |
| Meghalaya | 2 | INC | 2 |
| Mizoram | 1 | IND | 1 |
| Nagaland | 1 | INC | 1 |
| Odisha | 21 | BJD | 9 |
| Pondicherry | 1 | DMK | 1 |
Showing 25 of 32 rows
Party board
| Party | Seats won | Contested | Vote share | Total votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BJP | 182 | 388 | 25.6% | 9,42,66,188 |
| INC | 141 | 477 | 25.8% | 9,51,11,131 |
| CPM | 32 | 71 | 5.2% | 1,89,91,867 |
| SP | 20 | 166 | 4.9% | 1,81,67,640 |
| ADMK | 18 | 23 | 1.8% | 67,31,550 |
| RJD | 17 | 116 | 2.8% | 1,02,29,971 |
| TDP | 12 | 35 | 2.8% | 1,01,99,463 |
| SAP | 12 | 57 | 1.8% | 64,91,639 |
| BJD | 9 | 12 | 100.0% | 36,69,825 |
| CPI | 9 | 58 | 1.8% | 64,29,569 |
| SAD | 8 | 8 | 81.0% | 30,01,769 |
| WBTC | 7 | 29 | 2.4% | 89,20,583 |
| JD | 6 | 191 | 3.2% | 1,19,30,209 |
| IND | 6 | 1,915 | 2.4% | 87,19,952 |
| SHS | 6 | 79 | 1.8% | 65,28,566 |
| DMK | 6 | 18 | 1.4% | 53,08,388 |
| RSP | 5 | 5 | 55.0% | 20,32,585 |
| BSP | 5 | 251 | 4.7% | 1,71,86,779 |
| HLD(R) | 4 | 7 | 53.0% | 19,56,087 |
| PMK | 4 | 5 | 42.0% | 15,48,976 |
| RPI | 4 | 20 | 37.0% | 13,51,019 |
| LS | 3 | 33 | 69.0% | 25,48,725 |
| MDMK | 3 | 5 | 44.0% | 16,02,504 |
| JKN | 3 | 6 | 21.0% | 7,84,669 |
| TMC(M) | 3 | 20 | 1.4% | 51,69,183 |
Showing 25 of 40 rows
Party efficiency
Seat share vs vote share — over/under-conversion relative to proportionality. Open target / defence list
- knife-edge: 78
- marginal: 115
- competitive: 134
- comfortable: 141
- safe: 75
Lok Sabha 1998 · 543 seats
Points above the dashed line convert votes into seats better than proportionality; below means under-conversion.
| Party | Seats | Vote % | Seat % | Efficiency |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BJP | 182 | 25.6% | 33.5% | 1.31× |
| INC | 141 | 25.8% | 26.0% | 1.01× |
| CPM | 32 | 5.2% | 5.9% | 1.14× |
| SP | 20 | 4.9% | 3.7% | 0.75× |
| ADMK | 18 | 1.8% | 3.3% | 1.81× |
| RJD | 17 | 2.8% | 3.1% | 1.13× |
| TDP | 12 | 2.8% | 2.2% | 0.80× |
| SAP | 12 | 1.8% | 2.2% | 1.26× |
| BJD | 9 | 100.0% | 1.7% | 0.02× |
| CPI | 9 | 1.8% | 1.7% | 0.95× |
| SAD | 8 | 81.0% | 1.5% | 0.02× |
| WBTC | 7 | 2.4% | 1.3% | 0.53× |
| JD | 6 | 3.2% | 1.1% | 0.34× |
| IND | 6 | 2.4% | 1.1% | 0.47× |
| SHS | 6 | 1.8% | 1.1% | 0.62× |
| DMK | 6 | 1.4% | 1.1% | 0.77× |