Lok Sabha 1991
National seat composition, alliance leadership, and constituency map for the general election.
- Seats
- 543
- Electors
- 51,15,33,598
- Votes polled
- 28,58,56,465
- Turnout
- 55.9%
Lok Sabha composition
Seat arc coloured by party.
Majority mark at 272 seats.
Alliance / party
Toggle party seats or curated alliance rollups.
Alliance map not curated for 1991.
534 of 543 seats shown · top 8 parties, rest grouped
National map
Paint by winning party or margin. Select a seat for details.
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Closest races in 1991
Tightest races by winning margin — winner, runner-up, and the votes that separated them.
1991 · Uttar Pradesh 1947 1999
#1Akbarpur
Photo finish
156votes
0.0% of valid votes
Winner
RAM AWADH
JD
Runner-up
BECHAN RAM
BJP
Open constituency result →
1991 · Rajasthan
#2churu
Photo finish
168votes
0.0% of valid votes
Winner
RAM SINGH
BJP
Runner-up
JAI RATHODE
INC
Open constituency result →
1991 · Karnataka
#3Davangere
Photo finish
455votes
0.1% of valid votes
Winner
CHANNAIAH ODEYAR
INC
Runner-up
S.A. RABINDRANATH
BJP
Open constituency result →
1991 · West Bengal
#4Tamluk
Nail-biter
1,062votes
0.1% of valid votes
Winner
SATYAGOPAL MISRA
CPM
Runner-up
JAYANTA BHATTACHARYA
INC
Open constituency result →
1991 · Kerala
#5Chirayinkil
Nail-biter
1,106votes
0.2% of valid votes
Winner
SUSEELA (W)
CPM
Runner-up
THALEKUNNIL BASHEER
INC
Open constituency result →
1991 · Andhra Pradesh 27
#6Bapatla
Nail-biter
1,097votes
0.2% of valid votes
Winner
VENKATESWARA DAGGUBATI
TDP
Runner-up
SALAGALA BENJAMIN
INC
Open constituency result →
1991 · Madhya Pradesh 1947 1999
#7Raipur
Nail-biter
959votes
0.2% of valid votes
Winner
VIDYACHARAN SHUKLA
INC
Runner-up
RAMESH BAIS
BJP
Open constituency result →
1991 · West Bengal
#8Malda
Nail-biter
1,820votes
0.3% of valid votes
Winner
ABDUL CHOUDHARY
INC
Runner-up
SAILEN SARKAR
CPM
Open constituency result →
1991 · Punjab
#9Ferozepur
Nail-biter
1,296votes
0.3% of valid votes
Winner
MOHAN SINGH
BSP
Runner-up
SANTOSH SINGH
INC
Open constituency result →
1991 · Uttar Pradesh 1947 1999
#10Firozabad
Nail-biter
1,332votes
0.3% of valid votes
Winner
PRABHU KATHERIA
BJP
Runner-up
SHIV GAUTAM
JD
Open constituency result →
1991 · Madhya Pradesh 1947 1999
#11Rajgarh
Nail-biter
1,470votes
0.3% of valid votes
Winner
DIGVIJAY SINGH
INC
Runner-up
PYARELAL KHANDELWAL
BJP
Open constituency result →
1991 · Uttar Pradesh 1947 1999
#12Sambhal
Nail-biter
1,705votes
0.4% of valid votes
Winner
SRI SINGH
JD
Runner-up
HAR SINGH
BJP
Open constituency result →
By state
| State | Seats | Leading party | Leading seats |
|---|---|---|---|
| Andaman Nicobar Islands | 1 | INC | 1 |
| Andhra Pradesh 27 | 42 | INC | 25 |
| Arunachal Pradesh | 2 | INC | 2 |
| Assam | 14 | INC | 8 |
| Bihar 1947 1999 | 54 | JD | 31 |
| Chandigarh | 1 | INC | 1 |
| Dadra Nagar Haveli | 1 | INC | 1 |
| Daman Diu | 1 | BJP | 1 |
| Delhi | 7 | BJP | 5 |
| Goa | 2 | INC | 2 |
| Gujarat | 26 | BJP | 20 |
| Haryana | 10 | INC | 9 |
| Himachal Pradesh | 4 | BJP | 2 |
| Jammu Kashmir | 6 | party-unknown-1487 | 6 |
| Karnataka | 28 | INC | 23 |
| Kerala | 20 | INC | 13 |
| Lakshadweep | 1 | INC | 1 |
| Madhya Pradesh 1947 1999 | 40 | INC | 27 |
| Maharashtra | 48 | INC | 38 |
| Manipur | 2 | MRP | 1 |
| Meghalaya | 2 | INC | 2 |
| Mizoram | 1 | INC | 1 |
| Nagaland | 1 | NPC | 1 |
| Odisha | 21 | INC | 13 |
| Pondicherry | 1 | INC | 1 |
Showing 25 of 32 rows
Party board
| Party | Seats won | Contested | Vote share | Total votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| INC | 244 | 500 | 36.4% | 10,12,85,692 |
| BJP | 120 | 477 | 20.1% | 5,58,43,074 |
| JD | 59 | 312 | 11.7% | 3,26,28,400 |
| CPM | 35 | 63 | 6.1% | 1,70,74,699 |
| CPI | 14 | 43 | 2.5% | 68,98,340 |
| TDP | 13 | 35 | 3.0% | 82,23,271 |
| ADK | 11 | 11 | 1.6% | 44,70,542 |
| JMM | 6 | 14 | 53.0% | 14,81,900 |
| JP | 5 | 350 | 3.3% | 92,95,062 |
| SHS | 4 | 22 | 79.0% | 22,08,712 |
| RSP | 4 | 9 | 63.0% | 17,49,730 |
| FBL | 3 | 19 | 41.0% | 11,45,015 |
| BSP | 3 | 243 | 1.8% | 50,15,347 |
| MUL | 2 | 20 | 30.0% | 8,45,418 |
| AGP | 1 | 14 | 54.0% | 14,89,898 |
| JD(G) | 1 | 10 | 50.0% | 13,99,702 |
| ICS(SCS) | 1 | 28 | 35.0% | 9,82,954 |
| MIM | 1 | 2 | 16.0% | 4,56,900 |
| KCM | 1 | 1 | 14.0% | 3,84,255 |
| HVP | 1 | 4 | 12.0% | 3,31,794 |
| NPC | 1 | 1 | 12.0% | 3,28,015 |
| MRP | 1 | 1 | 6.0% | 1,69,692 |
| ADC | 1 | 1 | 5.0% | 1,39,785 |
| IND | 1 | 5,546 | 4.2% | 1,15,62,697 |
| SSP | 1 | 2 | 4.0% | 1,06,247 |
Showing 25 of 26 rows
Party efficiency
Seat share vs vote share — over/under-conversion relative to proportionality. Open target / defence list
- knife-edge: 46
- marginal: 85
- competitive: 120
- comfortable: 146
- safe: 137
Lok Sabha 1991 · 543 seats
Points above the dashed line convert votes into seats better than proportionality; below means under-conversion.
| Party | Seats | Vote % | Seat % | Efficiency |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| INC | 244 | 36.4% | 44.9% | 1.23× |
| BJP | 120 | 20.1% | 22.1% | 1.10× |
| JD | 59 | 11.7% | 10.9% | 0.93× |
| CPM | 35 | 6.1% | 6.4% | 1.05× |
| CPI | 14 | 2.5% | 2.6% | 1.04× |
| TDP | 13 | 3.0% | 2.4% | 0.81× |
| ADK | 11 | 1.6% | 2.0% | 1.26× |
| JMM | 6 | 53.0% | 1.1% | 0.02× |
| JP | 5 | 3.3% | 0.9% | 0.28× |
| SHS | 4 | 79.0% | 0.7% | 0.01× |
| RSP | 4 | 63.0% | 0.7% | 0.01× |
| FBL | 3 | 41.0% | 0.6% | 0.01× |
| BSP | 3 | 1.8% | 0.6% | 0.31× |
| MUL | 2 | 30.0% | 0.4% | 0.01× |
| AGP | 1 | 54.0% | 0.2% | 0.00× |
| JD(G) | 1 | 50.0% | 0.2% | 0.00× |